In the context of Mahayana, the concept is commonly approached as six qualities or practices that one cultivates as part of the path to enlightenment. These six aspects of excellence are:

1. ‘Jin pa’ - Generosity: The act of giving, which may be material, emotional, or spiritual.
2. ‘Tshulthrim’ - Ethical Conduct: Observing moral precepts,
3. ‘Zödpa’ - Patience: The ability to endure hardship and resilience in the face of difficulties.
4. ‘Tsöndru’ - Joyful effort: energetic attitude in the pursuit of the good and the wholesome.
5. ‘Samten’ - Meditative concentration: Stability of the mind through cultivating mindfulness.
6. ‘Sherab’ - Transcendental Wisdom: Insight into the true nature of reality, often described as the wisdom that realizes the emptiness of all phenomena.

In Vajrayana four additional aspects of excellence are added to the Bodhisattva’s training:

7. ‘Thab’ - Skilful Means, the practice of specific efficient transformative methods.
8. ‘Monlam’ - Aspiration, the practice of aspirations or the incubation the qualities of awakening.
9. ‘Tob’ - Power, the cultivation of the ten powers of a Buddha and,
10. ‘Yeshey’ - Primordial wisdom, the manifestation of coemerging wisdom in the here and now.

Such training aims at the pursuit of excellence by transcending the limitations of ordinary perception and conceptual thinking.

The development of the various aspects of Paramita rest on methods uplifting one’s vision, understanding, and conduct leading to the manifestation of the wisdom of the buddhas. There are two ways of listing the stages based on the exoteric teachings of the Sutrayana and the esoteric teachings of the Vajrayana.

Lama Sangyay Tendzin will introduce us to a clear understanding of each of the aspects leading to the excellence of the Bodhisattva’s Noble Conduct.

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